Whitfield Growdon

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a common virus that is spread through sexual contact. Most of the time HPV has no symptoms so people do not know they have it.  There are approximately 40 types of genital HPV. Somes types can cause cervical cancer in women and can also cause other kinds of cancer in both men and women. Other types can cause genital warts in both males and females.

The HPV vaccine works by preventing the most common types of HPV that cause cervical cancer and genital warts. It is given as a 3-dose vaccine.

What is Cervarix?

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What is Gardasil?

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How will HPV vaccination affect the prevalence of cervical cancer?

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Are there any side effects associated with Gardasil?

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Why has HPV vaccination recently been approved for boys?

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Cervical cancer used to be the leading cause of cancer death for women in the United States. However, in the past 40 years, the number of cases of cervical cancer and the number of deaths from cervical cancer have decreased significantly. This decline largely is the result of many women getting regular Pap tests, which can find cervical precancer before it turns into cancer.1 For more information, visit HPV-Associated Cervical Cancer Rates by Race and Ethnicity.

In 2009 (the most recent year numbers are available):

12,357 women in the United States were diagnosed with cervical cancer.*2

3,909 women in the United States died from cervical cancer.*2

*Incidence counts cover approximately 90% of the U.S. population; death counts cover approximately 100% of the U.S. population.

Diagnostic tests for cervical cancer

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What is a Pap smear test?

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How do vaccines protect against cervical cancer?

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Can radiotherapy be used for the treatment of cervical cancer?

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Each specific type of cancer has its own set of treatment methods.

However, many cases of cancer are treated using chemotherapy (powerful cancer-killing medication) and radiotherapy (the controlled use of high energy X-rays). Surgery is also sometimes carried out to remove cancerous tissue.

What are the available treatments for cancer?

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What are the factors that need to be considered when planning cancer treatment?

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Crucial factors when setting aims for cancer therapy

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Cancer is a complex group of diseases with many possible causes. The known causes of cancer are genetic factors; lifestyle factors such as tobacco use, diet, and physical activity; certain types of infections; and environmental exposures to different types of chemicals and radiation.

What causes cancer?

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Why are some people predisposed to get cancer?

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How lifestyle factors change our genetics to cause cancer?

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Cancer is a condition where cells in a specific part of the body grow and reproduce uncontrollably. The cancerous cells can invade and destroy surrounding healthy tissue, including organs. Cancer sometimes begins in one part of the body before spreading to other areas. This process is known as metastasis. There are over 200 different types of cancer, each with its own methods of diagnosis and treatment.

What is cancer?

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What causes cancer?

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What defines the invasive potential of the tumour cell?

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Importance of balance between growth and death of cells

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