Sufyan Hussain

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. The disease has been recognized for more than 3,500 years, since its early description in 1552 BC in Papyrus of Ebers from Egypt.

Type 1 diabetes is an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion, which results from the body’s immune system attacking insulin producing islet cells.

Type 2 diabetes results from a combination of resistance to insulin action and inadequate insulin release. About 95% of the incidence of diabetes is Type 2, which is strongly associated with obesity and lack of physical activity. Another type of diabetes is called gestational diabetes, which occurs in pregnancy and shares similar features toType 2 Diabetes.